La pandémie de Covid-19 a fait prendre conscience des dangers d’un autre fléau, bien plus répandu et tout aussi menaçant à long terme : l’obésité. On sait en effet que les personnes en surpoids ont été bien plus nombreuses que les autres à développer des formes sévères de la maladie.

Our aim was to analyze the conditions and specificities of the production of scientific knowledge on agro-ecosystems through design processes.

This research aims to interpret the multifaceted relationship between social media information and sustainable consumption in terms of food choices, environmental awareness, and consumer information, which is the novel contribution of this study

This article reviews some of the recent technological advances being employed to design foods to improve their healthiness and sustainability. In particular, emphasis is placed on how processed foods can be redesigned to make them healthier by altering the nature and structural organisation of their constituents to modulate the way they behave inside our bodies. This includes reducing the levels of undesirable food constituents, such as saturated fat, salt and sugar, as well as incorporating health‐promoting ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, bioactive compounds, prebiotics and probiotics. Moreover, foods are being designed to be masticated and digested more slowly or to release their constituents at particular locations along our gastrointestinal tract, which may help to fight obesity and diabetes by reducing appetite. A focus will also be placed on some of the new technologies being developed to create alternatives to animal products, such as meat, milk and egg, which should reduce the amount of meat consumed and alleviate some of its negative impacts on our environment.

In this review, strategies that focus on meat consumption patterns are evaluated from the technological feasibility, environmental impact and consumer acceptance viewpoints. While plant-based substitutes have efficient nutrient conversion and lower GHG emissions, consumer perception, cost, and other trade-offs exist. Although cultured meat precludes the need of any animals and large land areas, its environmental impact is not clear and is contingent upon production systems and the achievement of decarbonization. Reducing wastes and the re-use of meat processing by-products have the potential to lower the environmental impact. Valuable proteins, heat, electricity and biofuels extracted from wastes and by-products not only reduce the disposal of wastes but also offset some GHG emissions. Perception related challenges that exist for all substitution strategies require specific consumer target marketing strategies. Policy measures such as taxation of meat products and subsidies for alternatives are also met with challenges, thereby requiring reforms or new policies

This review has revealed a number of research gaps that merit further exploration, ideally with independently funded peer-reviewed studies, to further inform the conversation around the development and commercialization of plant-based substitutes and cell-based meats.

Trois priorités :

Reconquérir notre souveraineté alimentaire
Accélérer la transition agroécologique au service d’une alimentation saine, durable et locale pour tous les Français
Accompagner l’agriculture et la forêt françaises dans l’adaptation au changement climatique