Dépouillements

Sink or swim? Water security for growth and development / D. Grey in Water policy, Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007)

Public ISBD [article]  in Water policy > Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007) . - 545 - 571 Titre : Sink or swim? Water security for growth and development Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : D. Grey ; C.W. Sadoff Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : 545 - 571 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Autres descripteurs sécurité de l'eau ; RESSOURCES EN EAU ; CROISSANCE ; risques ; institutions internationales Thésaurus Agrovoc Pauvreté ; Santé ; Hydrologie ; Économie ; Pays en développement ; Sociologie ; Asie ; Australie ; Afrique du Sud Ancienne liste Géo AMERIQUE DU NORD ; EUROPE DE L'OUEST ; Ethipie ; YEMEN Résumé : This paper seeks to capture the dynamics of achieving water security in a hypothetical water and growth "S-curve", which illustrates how a minimum platform of investments in water institutions and infrastructure can produce a tipping point beyong which water makes an increasingly positive contribution to growth and how that tipping point will vary in different circumstances. As there are inevitable trade-offs, achieving water security is never without social and environmental costs; in some countries these are significant, often unforeseen and even unacceptable. This brief analysis suggests that the only historically demonstrated path to achieving water security at the national level has been thtough investment in an evolving balance of complementary institutions and infrastructure, but that lessons exist for following this basic path in more sustainable and balanced ways. Insights are provided for balancing and sequencing investments, adapting to changing values and priorities, and pushing down the social and environmental costs. Type de document : Article Permalien de la notice : https://infodoc.agroparistech.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135632 [article] Sink or swim? Water security for growth and development [texte imprimé] / D. Grey ; C.W. Sadoff . - 2007 . - 545 - 571. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Water policy > Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007) . - 545 - 571 Catégories : Autres descripteurs sécurité de l'eau ; RESSOURCES EN EAU ; CROISSANCE ; risques ; institutions internationales Thésaurus Agrovoc Pauvreté ; Santé ; Hydrologie ; Économie ; Pays en développement ; Sociologie ; Asie ; Australie ; Afrique du Sud Ancienne liste Géo AMERIQUE DU NORD ; EUROPE DE L'OUEST ; Ethipie ; YEMEN Résumé : This paper seeks to capture the dynamics of achieving water security in a hypothetical water and growth "S-curve", which illustrates how a minimum platform of investments in water institutions and infrastructure can produce a tipping point beyong which water makes an increasingly positive contribution to growth and how that tipping point will vary in different circumstances. As there are inevitable trade-offs, achieving water security is never without social and environmental costs; in some countries these are significant, often unforeseen and even unacceptable. This brief analysis suggests that the only historically demonstrated path to achieving water security at the national level has been thtough investment in an evolving balance of complementary institutions and infrastructure, but that lessons exist for following this basic path in more sustainable and balanced ways. Insights are provided for balancing and sequencing investments, adapting to changing values and priorities, and pushing down the social and environmental costs. Type de document : Article Permalien de la notice : https://infodoc.agroparistech.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135632

Water reforms in developing countries: management transfers, private operators and water markets / S. Zekri in Water policy, Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007)

Public ISBD [article]  in Water policy > Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007) . - 573 - 589 Titre : Water reforms in developing countries: management transfers, private operators and water markets Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : S. Zekri ; W. Easter Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : 573 - 589 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Autres descripteurs Gestion de l'eau ; DELEGATION ; ASSOCIATIONS ; droits de l'eau Thésaurus Agrovoc Privatisation ; Pays en développement ; Afrique du Nord ; Afrique du Sud ; Australie ; Asie ; France Ancienne liste Géo AMERIQUE DU SUD ; MEXIQUE ; MAROC ; TUNISIE ; CHINE ; EUROPE ; MALI Résumé : This paper analyzes the irrigation management transfer (IMT) experience in four middle-income developing countries and explores the links for private sector participation in providing water service and irrigation management. The four countries considered in the analysis are Mexico, Morocco, South Africa and Tunisia. The IMT program was successful where farmers had their water rights established, farms are medium and large scale with good access to markets and the government had a strong political willingness to empower users. The IMT programs that focused mainly on farmers participation and empowerment through Water User Associations (WUA) have not been very successful. Private sector management has proved a feasible alternative in a number of countries. Experiences from Australia, China, France and Mali show that the private sector can efficiently manage irrigation systems and collect water charges, even in the absence of formal WUAs. Two additional alternatives could be of interest for irrigation schemes; these are management contracts and lease contracts. Another alternative would be to reform public entities and create new models that can ensure efficiency and transparency. The establishment of water rights is key in many cases since it guarantees access to water. The water rights are most effective in improving water use when allocated to farmers rather than to the private/public operator. After the establishment of water rights, farmers will have an incentive to organize in order to obtain better service. The paper also provides an overview of differents types of water markets where private operators may play the intermediate role between willing buyers and sellers of water based on information obtained through the management of the network. Type de document : Article Permalien de la notice : https://infodoc.agroparistech.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135633 [article] Water reforms in developing countries: management transfers, private operators and water markets [texte imprimé] / S. Zekri ; W. Easter . - 2007 . - 573 - 589. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Water policy > Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007) . - 573 - 589 Catégories : Autres descripteurs Gestion de l'eau ; DELEGATION ; ASSOCIATIONS ; droits de l'eau Thésaurus Agrovoc Privatisation ; Pays en développement ; Afrique du Nord ; Afrique du Sud ; Australie ; Asie ; France Ancienne liste Géo AMERIQUE DU SUD ; MEXIQUE ; MAROC ; TUNISIE ; CHINE ; EUROPE ; MALI Résumé : This paper analyzes the irrigation management transfer (IMT) experience in four middle-income developing countries and explores the links for private sector participation in providing water service and irrigation management. The four countries considered in the analysis are Mexico, Morocco, South Africa and Tunisia. The IMT program was successful where farmers had their water rights established, farms are medium and large scale with good access to markets and the government had a strong political willingness to empower users. The IMT programs that focused mainly on farmers participation and empowerment through Water User Associations (WUA) have not been very successful. Private sector management has proved a feasible alternative in a number of countries. Experiences from Australia, China, France and Mali show that the private sector can efficiently manage irrigation systems and collect water charges, even in the absence of formal WUAs. Two additional alternatives could be of interest for irrigation schemes; these are management contracts and lease contracts. Another alternative would be to reform public entities and create new models that can ensure efficiency and transparency. The establishment of water rights is key in many cases since it guarantees access to water. The water rights are most effective in improving water use when allocated to farmers rather than to the private/public operator. After the establishment of water rights, farmers will have an incentive to organize in order to obtain better service. The paper also provides an overview of differents types of water markets where private operators may play the intermediate role between willing buyers and sellers of water based on information obtained through the management of the network. Type de document : Article Permalien de la notice : https://infodoc.agroparistech.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135633

Water pricing and full cost recovery of water services: economic incentive or instrument of public finance? / A. Massarutto in Water policy, Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007)

Public ISBD [article]  in Water policy > Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007) . - 591 - Titre : Water pricing and full cost recovery of water services: economic incentive or instrument of public finance? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A. Massarutto Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : 591 - Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Autres descripteurs Prix de l'eau ; redevances ; SERVICE D'EAU ET D'ASSAINISSEMENT Thésaurus Agrovoc Service public Résumé : Neoclassical economists have advocated the use of pricing instruments as a fundamental tool for achieving sustainability of water systems and an efficient allocation of water resources. This idea has been accepted in worldwide agreed definitions of sustainability, where "full-cost recovery" is considered as a basic requirement. In this paper, we argue that water pricing (aiming at allocative objectives) and cost recovery can often be at odds, while prevalence of one or the other objective also depends on whether the main issue at stake is financing infrastructure development and maintenance, or rather allocating scarce water resources. Therefore, the two issues should be dealt with separately and require different approaches to pricing. Type de document : Article Permalien de la notice : https://infodoc.agroparistech.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135634 [article] Water pricing and full cost recovery of water services: economic incentive or instrument of public finance? [texte imprimé] / A. Massarutto . - 2007 . - 591 -. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Water policy > Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007) . - 591 - Catégories : Autres descripteurs Prix de l'eau ; redevances ; SERVICE D'EAU ET D'ASSAINISSEMENT Thésaurus Agrovoc Service public Résumé : Neoclassical economists have advocated the use of pricing instruments as a fundamental tool for achieving sustainability of water systems and an efficient allocation of water resources. This idea has been accepted in worldwide agreed definitions of sustainability, where "full-cost recovery" is considered as a basic requirement. In this paper, we argue that water pricing (aiming at allocative objectives) and cost recovery can often be at odds, while prevalence of one or the other objective also depends on whether the main issue at stake is financing infrastructure development and maintenance, or rather allocating scarce water resources. Therefore, the two issues should be dealt with separately and require different approaches to pricing. Type de document : Article Permalien de la notice : https://infodoc.agroparistech.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135634

Access to water resources in Belgium: strategies of public and private suppliers / D. Aubin in Water policy, Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007)

Public ISBD [article]  in Water policy > Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007) . - 615 - 630 Titre : Access to water resources in Belgium: strategies of public and private suppliers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : D. Aubin ; P. Cornut ; F. Varone Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : 615 - 630 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Autres descripteurs RESSOURCES EN EAU ; régime d'eau institutionel ; POLITIQUE DE L'EAU ; gesitond de l'eau ; SERVICES D'EAU Ancienne liste Géo EUROPE ; BELGIQUE Résumé : Water suppliers adopt a variety of strategies to again access to and control of water resources. In contrast to theorical approaches which assert that the status of ownership determines water supplier strategies, we argue that supplier strategies depend on the activation of property rights and the specific public policies applied to the resource. These two components of the institutional water regime are thus factors that are more important in explaining the supplier's strategies than the intrinsic characteristics of the water operator. Whe thus present two case histories of aquifer exploitation for drinking and mineral water production; we compare two companies in Belgium, one publicly and one privately owned. This comparison shows that the operator strategy is identical in both cases, regardless of whether the ownership status of the water supplier was public or private. Both companies attempted to appropriate the resource privately in order to maximize its security over the resource and its supply. In each case, the winning strategy consisted in gradually excluding all direct or indirect users of the resource such as competitors, farmers and residents. The aquifer was then effectively protected in quantity and quality over time; however this state of affairs does not necessarily entail sustainability of the resource in a broader sense, as social and economic aspects were not directly considered. Type de document : Article Permalien de la notice : https://infodoc.agroparistech.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135635 [article] Access to water resources in Belgium: strategies of public and private suppliers [texte imprimé] / D. Aubin ; P. Cornut ; F. Varone . - 2007 . - 615 - 630. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Water policy > Vol. 9 n° 6 (01/09/2007) . - 615 - 630 Catégories : Autres descripteurs RESSOURCES EN EAU ; régime d'eau institutionel ; POLITIQUE DE L'EAU ; gesitond de l'eau ; SERVICES D'EAU Ancienne liste Géo EUROPE ; BELGIQUE Résumé : Water suppliers adopt a variety of strategies to again access to and control of water resources. In contrast to theorical approaches which assert that the status of ownership determines water supplier strategies, we argue that supplier strategies depend on the activation of property rights and the specific public policies applied to the resource. These two components of the institutional water regime are thus factors that are more important in explaining the supplier's strategies than the intrinsic characteristics of the water operator. Whe thus present two case histories of aquifer exploitation for drinking and mineral water production; we compare two companies in Belgium, one publicly and one privately owned. This comparison shows that the operator strategy is identical in both cases, regardless of whether the ownership status of the water supplier was public or private. Both companies attempted to appropriate the resource privately in order to maximize its security over the resource and its supply. In each case, the winning strategy consisted in gradually excluding all direct or indirect users of the resource such as competitors, farmers and residents. The aquifer was then effectively protected in quantity and quality over time; however this state of affairs does not necessarily entail sustainability of the resource in a broader sense, as social and economic aspects were not directly considered. Type de document : Article Permalien de la notice : https://infodoc.agroparistech.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135635